Coal
Which countries have coal reserves? 46 countries in the Magna Factbook list coal among their natural resources, ranked and linked.
Last updated: October 2026
46 countries list coal among their natural resources. United States — scored 90.0/100 by the Bureau — is the highest-ranked holder, ahead of China, Russia. Control of coal is geopolitical leverage: whoever holds the resource weighs on supply chains.
| # | Country | Power |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 90.0/100 |
| 2 | China | 88.03/100 |
| 3 | Russia | 84.29/100 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 82.72/100 |
| 5 | Indonesia | 73.44/100 |
| 6 | Australia | 72.51/100 |
| 7 | Turkey | 70.6/100 |
| 8 | South Korea | 69.12/100 |
| 9 | Canada | 67.8/100 |
| 10 | Germany | 66.96/100 |
| 11 | Spain | 66.07/100 |
| 12 | Iran | 65.89/100 |
All 46 holders34 more
| # | Country | Power |
|---|---|---|
| 13 | Vietnam | 65.5/100 |
| 14 | New Zealand | 65.31/100 |
| 15 | Italy | 64.38/100 |
| 16 | Kazakhstan | 62.95/100 |
| 17 | South Africa | 61.47/100 |
| 18 | Colombia | 60.09/100 |
| 19 | Peru | 59.43/100 |
| 20 | Poland | 58.78/100 |
| 21 | Ukraine | 58.6/100 |
| 22 | North Korea | 58.2/100 |
| 23 | Austria | 56.36/100 |
| 24 | Honduras | 55.64/100 |
| 25 | Romania | 55.56/100 |
| 26 | Uzbekistan | 55.42/100 |
| 27 | Nigeria | 54.23/100 |
| 28 | Bangladesh | 53.99/100 |
| 29 | Bulgaria | 52.79/100 |
| 30 | Mongolia | 51.22/100 |
| 31 | Burma | 51.17/100 |
| 32 | Hungary | 50.59/100 |
| 33 | Albania | 50.43/100 |
| 34 | Serbia | 49.36/100 |
| 35 | Tanzania | 48.26/100 |
| 36 | Madagascar | 45.96/100 |
| 37 | DRC | 41.48/100 |
| 38 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 39.34/100 |
| 39 | Botswana | 34.42/100 |
| 40 | Zambia | 30.26/100 |
| 41 | Mozambique | 29.18/100 |
| 42 | Zimbabwe | 24.27/100 |
| 43 | Afghanistan | 20.43/100 |
| 44 | Malawi | 14.36/100 |
| 45 | Niger | 13.02/100 |
| 46 | Eswatini | 12.4/100 |
Coal is used for electricity generation, steel production, and heating.
Among countries tracked by the Bureau, United States is the highest-ranked holder of coal, with a power score of 90.0/100. The ranking reflects national power, not just production volume — it shows who has leverage, not just who has deposits.
The Bureau does not publish a specific percentage for China's control of coal. What the data shows is that China is ranked #2 among the 46 countries that list coal among their natural resources, with a power score of 88.03/100.
Coal is a natural resource tracked by the Bureau. 46 countries list coal among their natural resources. United States — scored 90.0/100 by the Bureau — is the highest-ranked holder. Control of coal is geopolitical leverage: whoever holds the resource weighs on the supply chains that depend on it.
Which countries hold coal?
46 countries list coal among their natural resources. The page ranks each by its national power score, with a link to its full country profile.
Which country holds the most coal?
United States is the highest-ranked holder, with a power score of 90.0/100. The ranking reflects national power, not just reserves — it shows who has leverage, not just who has deposits.
Why is coal geopolitically important?
Control of coal is geopolitical leverage: whoever holds the resource weighs on the supply chains that depend on it. The Bureau's mineral pages show who holds what, ranked by national power.