Nigeria — Country Profile
Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Nigeria: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna Power score (--/100, ranked #-- of 195).
Last updated: October 2026
Nigeria — in Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon. Political status: federal presidential republic. It covers 923,768 sq km. Terrain: southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north. Climate: varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north.
| Capital | Abuja |
|---|---|
| Population | 244,344,065 (2025 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $1.318 trillion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $5,700 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 3.4% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 33.2% (2024 est.) |
| Unemployment | 3% (2024 est.) |
| Public debt | 19.6% of GDP (2016 est.) |
| Exports | $57.536 billion (2024 est.) |
| Imports | $57.73 billion (2024 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 62.2 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 19.4 years (2025 est.) |
| Urbanization | 54.3% of total population (2023) |
| Government | federal presidential republic |
| Independence | 1 October 1960 (from the UK) |
| Languages | English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani, over 500 additional indigenous languages |
Nigeria’s GDP is $1.318 trillion (2024 est.) in purchasing-power-parity terms. At official exchange rates it stands at $187.76 billion (2024 est.). Real GDP grew 3.4% (2024 est.). See where Nigeria ranks among all 195 countries by GDP.
POWER --/100 — The Magna Power score is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — nine components, 135 indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
No single event defined Jul–Sep 2026. The country's position is the product of long-cycle forces — geography, trade, neighbours — all of which held steady.
Momentum at zero is not stagnation; it is the accurate record of a quarter without a catalyst.
- What our model rewards: public debt under 20% of GDP — room to maneuver; a current-account surplus of $17 billion — the world pays it more than it pays out
- What drags it down: a median age of 19 — a nation of children, its workforce still in the classroom; fertility of 4.6 children per woman — far above replacement, a cradle overflowing faster than schools can keep up
Natural gas, Oil, Tin, Iron ore, Coal, Niobium, Lead, Zinc.
Energy is the physical base of economic power — what a country can generate, move and burn decides what it can build, sell and defend.
| Electricity access | 60.5% (2022 est.) |
|---|---|
| Installed capacity mix (CIA) | fossil fuels: 77.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 22.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) |
| Energy consumption per capita (CIA) | 7.993 million Btu/person (2023 est.) |
| Electricity generation (OWID) | 40.1 TWh (2024) |
| Electricity generation mix (OWID) | Gas 77.0%, Hydro 22.6%, Solar 0.2% (2024) |
| Low-carbon share of electricity (OWID) | 23.0% (2024) |
| Carbon intensity of electricity (OWID) | 507.8 gCO2/kWh (2024) |
Sources: CIA World Factbook, Energy section; Our World in Data (IEA/Ember), 2024.
Trade shows what the world buys from a country and what the country must buy from the world — the balance between the two is a direct measure of economic leverage.
| Exports | $57.536 billion (2024 est.) |
|---|---|
| Imports | $57.73 billion (2024 est.) |
| Trade balance (calculated) | Deficit of $194.0 million (2024), calculated from the CIA export and import figures above. |
| Key industries | crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; rubber products, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel |
Source: CIA World Factbook, Economy section.
Bola Tinubu — President. President Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU (since 29 May 2023)
Nigeria maintains 93 embassies and 12 consulates abroad, hosts 104 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, AU Addis Ababa. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 93 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 12 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 104 |
| Multilateral missions | UN New York, AU Addis Ababa |
Source: Consular Affairs Center, Diplomatic and Consular Networks Database and Rankings, March 2026 (Zenodo, CC BY 4.0). https://zenodo.org/records/18917562
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Coastal — 853 km of coastline. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 50 + 15 heliports (registration prefix 5N) |
| Major seaports | Antan Oil Terminal, Bonny, Lagos, Pennington Oil Terminal |
| Railways | 3798 km |
| Pipelines | 124 km condensate, 4,045 km gas, 164 km liquid petroleum gas, 4,441 km oil, 3,940 km refined products (2013) |
Major airports
Akanu Ibiam International Airport (ENU) — Enegu; Asaba International Airport (ABB) — Asaba; General Tunde Idiagbon International Airport (ILR) — Ilorin/Ogbomosho; Kaduna International Airport (KAD) — Kaduna; Maiduguri International Airport (MIU) — Maiduguri; Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport (KAN) — Kano; Murtala Muhammed International Airport (LOS) — Lagos; Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport (ABV) — Abuja; Port Harcourt International Airport (PHC) — Port Harcourt; Sadiq Abubakar III International Airport (SKO) — Sokoto.
Showing 10 of 15 major airports.
Terminals
| LNG export terminals | Bonny Island |
|---|---|
| Oil terminals | Bonny Terminal, Brass Terminal, Escravos Terminal, Forcados Terminal, Pennington Terminal, Qua Iboe Terminal |
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28); theodora.com CIA mirror (CIA World Factbook Transportation section), scraped 2026-10-02
| Political system | federal presidential republic |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
POWER --/100 Ranked #-- of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Nigeria.
Historical timeline of Nigeria
This profile covers the population, economy, natural resources, leaders, and history of Nigeria — with the Bureau’s live national-power score of --/100, ranking #-- of 195 countries.
What is Nigeria's power score?
Nigeria has a Magna Power score of --/100. The score measures structural power — the proven capacity to shape events — across nine components.