Equatorial Guinea — Country Profile
Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Equatorial Guinea: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna Power score (--/100, ranked #-- of 195).
Last updated: October 2026
Equatorial Guinea is in Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon. It covers 28,051 sq km. Terrain: coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic. Climate: tropical; always hot, humid.
| Capital | Malabo; note - Malabo is on the island of Bioko; some months of the year, the government operates out of Bata on the mainland region. |
|---|---|
| Population | 1,795,834 (2024 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $29.248 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $15,500 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 0.9% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 4.8% (2022 est.) |
| Unemployment | 7.9% (2024 est.) |
| Public debt | 43.3% of GDP (2016 est.) |
| Exports | $4.489 billion (2024 est.) |
| Imports | $3.24 billion (2024 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 63.9 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 22.3 years (2025 est.) |
| Urbanization | 74.4% of total population (2023) |
| Government | presidential republic |
| Independence | 12 October 1968 (from Spain) |
| Languages | Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Fa d'Ambo spoken in Annobon) 32.4% (1994 est.) |
Equatorial Guinea’s GDP is $29.248 billion (2024 est.) in purchasing-power-parity terms. At official exchange rates it stands at $12.766 billion (2024 est.). Real GDP grew 0.9% (2024 est.). See where Equatorial Guinea ranks among all 195 countries by GDP.
POWER --/100 — The Magna Power score is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — nine components, 135 indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
The quarter passed without decisive turns. Governance continued, markets functioned, and the score reflects that uneventfulness.
For countries like this, the real story is always the slow one — and this quarter added no new chapter to it.
- What our model rewards: public debt under 43% of GDP — room to maneuver
- What drags it down: fertility of 4.0 children per woman — far above replacement, a cradle overflowing faster than schools can keep up; life expectancy of only 64 years
Oil, Natural gas, Timber, Gold, Bauxite, Diamonds, Tantalum.
Energy is the physical base of economic power — what a country can generate, move and burn decides what it can build, sell and defend.
| Electricity access | 67% (2022 est.) |
|---|---|
| Installed capacity mix (CIA) | fossil fuels: 68.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 31.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) |
| Energy consumption per capita (CIA) | 54.509 million Btu/person (2023 est.) |
Sources: CIA World Factbook, Energy section; Our World in Data (IEA/Ember), 2024.
Trade shows what the world buys from a country and what the country must buy from the world — the balance between the two is a direct measure of economic leverage.
| Exports | $4.489 billion (2024 est.) |
|---|---|
| Imports | $3.24 billion (2024 est.) |
| Trade balance (calculated) | Surplus of $1.2 billion (2024), calculated from the CIA export and import figures above. |
| Key industries | petroleum, natural gas, sawmilling |
Source: CIA World Factbook, Economy section.
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo — President. President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (since 3 August 1979)
Equatorial Guinea maintains 36 embassies and 10 consulates abroad, hosts 27 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, AU Addis Ababa. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 36 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 10 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 27 |
| Multilateral missions | UN New York, AU Addis Ababa |
Source: Consular Affairs Center, Diplomatic and Consular Networks Database and Rankings, January 2026 (Zenodo, CC BY 4.0). https://zenodo.org/records/18109976
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Coastal — 296 km of coastline. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 7 (registration prefix 3C) |
| Major seaports | Bata, Ceiba Terminal, Cogo, Luba, Malabo, Punta Europa Terminal, Serpentina Terminal |
Major airports
Bata International Airport (BSG) — Bata; Corisco International Airport (OCS) — Corisco Island; Malabo International Airport (SSG) — Malabo; President Obiang Nguema International Airport (GEM) — Mengomeyén.
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28)
| Political system | presidential republic |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
POWER --/100 Ranked #-- of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Equatorial Guinea.
Historical timeline of Equatorial Guinea
This profile covers the population, economy, natural resources, leaders, and history of Equatorial Guinea — with the Bureau’s live national-power score of --/100, ranking #-- of 195 countries.
What is Equatorial Guinea's power score?
Equatorial Guinea has a Magna Power score of --/100. The score measures structural power — the proven capacity to shape events — across nine components.