Universal Encyclopedia
What was the Kingdom of Kush?
South of Egypt, a kingdom of iron and pyramids ruled the Nile valley for a thousand years — and once conquered Egypt itself.
Last updated: October 2026
The Kingdom of Kush was an ancient Nubian civilization in what is now Sudan, flourishing from about 1070 BCE to 350 CE. Ruled from Kerma, Napata and finally Meroë, its kings conquered Egypt itself as the Twenty-fifth Dynasty (c. 744–656 BCE), built more pyramids than Egypt, and ran one of the ancient world’s great iron industries.
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