Tajikistan — Country Profile
Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Tajikistan: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna Power score (--/100, ranked #-- of 195).
Last updated: October 2026
Tajikistan is in Central Asia, west of China, south of Kyrgyzstan. It covers 144,100 sq km. Terrain: mountainous region dominated by the Alay Mountains in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofirnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest. Climate: mid-latitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains.
| Capital | Dushanbe |
|---|---|
| Population | 10,593,876 (2025 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $50.37 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $4,800 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 8.4% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 7.7% (2019 est.) |
| Unemployment | 11.7% (2024 est.) |
| Public debt | 42% of GDP (2016 est.) |
| Exports | $1.618 billion (2024 est.) |
| Imports | $6.907 billion (2024 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 71.9 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 22.8 years (2025 est.) |
| Urbanization | 28.2% of total population (2023) |
| Government | presidential republic |
| Independence | 9 September 1991 (from the Soviet Union) |
| Languages | Tajik (official) 84.4%, Uzbek 11.9%, Kyrgyz 0.8%, Russian 0.5%, other 2.4% (2010 est.) |
Tajikistan’s GDP is $50.37 billion (2024 est.) in purchasing-power-parity terms. At official exchange rates it stands at $14.205 billion (2024 est.). Real GDP grew 8.4% (2024 est.). See where Tajikistan ranks among all 195 countries by GDP.
POWER --/100 — The Magna Power score is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — nine components, 135 indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
The quarter passed without decisive turns. Governance continued, markets functioned, and the score reflects that uneventfulness.
For countries like this, the real story is always the slow one — and this quarter added no new chapter to it.
- What our model rewards: 89% of its electricity from low-carbon sources; the economy grew 8.4% last year — genuine momentum
- What drags it down: a median age of 23 — a nation of children, its workforce still in the classroom; unemployment at 11.7%
Hydropower, Oil, Uranium, Mercury, Lead, Zinc, Antimony, Tungsten, Silver, Gold.
Energy is the physical base of economic power — what a country can generate, move and burn decides what it can build, sell and defend.
| Electricity access | 100% (2022 est.) |
|---|---|
| Installed capacity mix (CIA) | fossil fuels: 7.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 92.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) |
| Energy consumption per capita (CIA) | 16.192 million Btu/person (2023 est.) |
| Electricity generation (OWID) | 22.6 TWh (2024) |
| Electricity generation mix (OWID) | Hydro 89.3%, Coal 8.7%, Gas 2.0% (2024) |
| Low-carbon share of electricity (OWID) | 89.3% (2024) |
| Carbon intensity of electricity (OWID) | 115.9 gCO2/kWh (2024) |
Sources: CIA World Factbook, Energy section; Our World in Data (IEA/Ember), 2024.
Trade shows what the world buys from a country and what the country must buy from the world — the balance between the two is a direct measure of economic leverage.
| Exports | $1.618 billion (2024 est.) |
|---|---|
| Imports | $6.907 billion (2024 est.) |
| Trade balance (calculated) | Deficit of $5.3 billion (2024), calculated from the CIA export and import figures above. |
| Key industries | aluminum, cement, coal, gold, silver, antimony, textile, vegetable oil |
Source: CIA World Factbook, Economy section.
Emomali Rahmon — President. President Emomali RAHMON (since 16 November 1994; head of state and Supreme Assembly Chairman since 20 November 1992)
Tajikistan maintains 29 embassies and 9 consulates abroad. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 29 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 9 |
Source: Outbound: Consular Affairs Center (Yonsei Univ.), diplomatic & consular networks database, March 2026 report (Zenodo).
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Landlocked — no seacoast; exports move through transit corridors across neighbouring countries. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 19 + 1 heliports (registration prefix EY) |
| Railways | 680 km |
| Pipelines | 549 km gas, 38 km oil (2013) |
Major airports
Bokhtar International Airport (KQT) — Bokhtar; Dushanbe International Airport (DYU) — Dushanbe; Khujand International Airport (LBD) — Khujand; Kulob International Airport (TJU) — Kulob.
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28); theodora.com CIA mirror (CIA World Factbook Transportation section), scraped 2026-10-02
| Political system | presidential republic |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
POWER --/100 Ranked #-- of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Tajikistan.
Historical timeline of Tajikistan
This profile covers the population, economy, natural resources, leaders, and history of Tajikistan — with the Bureau’s live national-power score of --/100, ranking #-- of 195 countries.
What is Tajikistan's power score?
Tajikistan has a Magna Power score of --/100. The score measures structural power — the proven capacity to shape events — across nine components.