Luxembourg — Country Profile

Luxembourg is in Western Europe, between France and Germany. It covers 2,586 sq km. Terrain: mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys; uplands to slightly mountainous in the north; steep slope down to Moselle flood plain in the southeast. Climate: modified continental with mild winters, cool summers.

Luxembourg’s GDP is $86.871 billion (2024 est.) in purchasing-power-parity terms. At official exchange rates it stands at $93.197 billion (2024 est.). Real GDP grew 1% (2024 est.). See where Luxembourg ranks among all 195 countries by GDP.

POWER --/100 — The Magna Power score is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — nine components, 135 indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.

Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).

Jul–Sep 2026 came and went without leaving a mark on the country's trajectory. Continuity, not change, is the story.

For a small or mid-sized state, that is often the good outcome: no shock to absorb, no crisis to manage.

• What our model rewards: public debt under 23% of GDP — room to maneuver; inflation tamed at 2.1%
• What drags it down: few natural resources to fall back on; fertility of 1.2 children per woman — below replacement, the cradle is emptying

Iron ore.

Energy is the physical base of economic power — what a country can generate, move and burn decides what it can build, sell and defend.

Sources: CIA World Factbook, Energy section; Our World in Data (IEA/Ember), 2024.

Trade shows what the world buys from a country and what the country must buy from the world — the balance between the two is a direct measure of economic leverage.

Source: CIA World Factbook, Economy section.

Luc Frieden — Prime Minister. Grand Duke GUILLAUME (since 3 October 2025)

Luxembourg maintains 35 embassies and 4 consulates abroad, hosts 23 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, UN Geneva, EU Brussels, NATO Brussels, OECD Paris, UNESCO Paris, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.

Source: Abroad: Lowy GDI 2024 via Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_diplomatic_missions . Hosted: Wikipedia 'List of diplomatic missions in Luxembourg' (23 embassies) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Luxembourg . Multilateral rosters as for AUT.

Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.

Major airports

Luxembourg-Findel International Airport (LUX) — Luxembourg.

Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28)

Source: constitutional schedule / public election calendar

POWER --/100 Ranked #-- of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Luxembourg.

Historical timeline of Luxembourg

This profile covers the population, economy, natural resources, leaders, and history of Luxembourg — with the Bureau’s live national-power score of --/100, ranking #-- of 195 countries.