Greece — Country Profile
Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Greece: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna Power score (--/100, ranked #-- of 195).
Last updated: October 2026
Greece is in Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey. It covers 131,957 sq km. Terrain: mountainous with ranges extending into the sea as peninsulas or chains of islands. Climate: temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers.
| Capital | Athens |
|---|---|
| Population | 10,424,536 (2025 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $392.205 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $37,800 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 2.3% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 2.7% (2024 est.) |
| Unemployment | 10.2% (2024 est.) |
| Public debt | 190.6% of GDP (2023 est.) |
| Exports | $108.424 billion (2024 est.) |
| Imports | $122.408 billion (2024 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 81.9 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 46.8 years (2025 est.) |
| Urbanization | 80.7% of total population (2023) |
| Government | parliamentary republic |
| Independence | 3 February 1830 (from the Ottoman Empire) |
| Languages | Greek (official) 99%, other (includes English and French) 1% |
Greece’s GDP is $392.205 billion (2024 est.) in purchasing-power-parity terms. At official exchange rates it stands at $257.145 billion (2024 est.). Real GDP grew 2.3% (2024 est.). See where Greece ranks among all 195 countries by GDP.
POWER --/100 — The Magna Power score is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — nine components, 135 indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
No single event defined Jul–Sep 2026. The country's position is the product of long-cycle forces — geography, trade, neighbours — all of which held steady.
Momentum at zero is not stagnation; it is the accurate record of a quarter without a catalyst.
- What our model rewards: inflation tamed at 2.7%; life expectancy of 82 years — among the longest-lived peoples on Earth
- What drags it down: public debt above 191% of GDP — the budget's ball and chain; a current-account deficit of $16 billion (6.4% of GDP) — living beyond its means
Oil, Iron ore, Bauxite, Lead, Zinc, Nickel, Marble, Salt, Hydropower.
Energy is the physical base of economic power — what a country can generate, move and burn decides what it can build, sell and defend.
| Electricity access | 100% (2022 est.) |
|---|---|
| Installed capacity mix (CIA) | fossil fuels: 48.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 17.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 23.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 9.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) |
| Energy consumption per capita (CIA) | 92.693 million Btu/person (2023 est.) |
| Primary energy consumption (OWID) | 321.2 TWh (2024) |
| Electricity generation (OWID) | 57.2 TWh (2024) |
| Energy per capita (OWID) | 31,966 kWh per person (2024) |
| Electricity generation mix (OWID) | Gas 37.6%, Wind 21.8%, Solar 21.4%, Oil 7.0%, Coal 5.7%, Hydro 5.4% (2024) |
| Low-carbon share of electricity (OWID) | 49.7% (2024) |
| Carbon intensity of electricity (OWID) | 319.8 gCO2/kWh (2024) |
Sources: CIA World Factbook, Energy section; Our World in Data (IEA/Ember), 2024.
Trade shows what the world buys from a country and what the country must buy from the world — the balance between the two is a direct measure of economic leverage.
| Exports | $108.424 billion (2024 est.) |
|---|---|
| Imports | $122.408 billion (2024 est.) |
| Trade balance (calculated) | Deficit of $14.0 billion (2024), calculated from the CIA export and import figures above. |
| Key industries | tourism, food and tobacco processing, textiles, chemicals, metal products; mining, petroleum |
Source: CIA World Factbook, Economy section.
Kyriakos Mitsotakis — Prime Minister. President Konstantinos TASOULAS (since 13 March 2025)
Greece maintains 85 embassies and 39 consulates abroad, hosts 86 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, UN Geneva, EU Brussels, NATO Brussels, OECD Paris, UNESCO Paris, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 85 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 39 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 86 |
| Multilateral missions | UN New York, UN Geneva, EU Brussels, NATO Brussels, OECD Paris, UNESCO Paris, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg |
Source: Abroad: Lowy GDI 2024 via Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_diplomatic_missions . Hosted: Consular Affairs Center in-country ranking, Jan 2026 (Athens 86). Multilateral rosters as for AUT.
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Coastal — 13676 km of coastline. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 82 + 59 heliports (registration prefix SX) |
| Major seaports | Alexandroupoli, Iraklion, Kerkira, Ormos Aliveriou, Piraievs, Soudha, Thessaloniki, Volos |
| Railways | 2345 km |
Major airports
Athens Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport (ATH) — Spata-Artemida; Chania International Airport (CHQ) — Souda; Corfu Ioannis Kapodistrias International Airport (CFU) — Kerkyra (Corfu); Heraklion International Nikos Kazantzakis Airport (HER) — Heraklion; Kavala Alexander the Great International Airport (KVA) — Kavala; Kos International Airport "Ippokratis" (KGS) — Kos Island; Rhodes International Airport "Diagoras" (RHO) — Rhodes; Santorini International Airport (JTR) — Santorini Island; Thessaloniki Macedonia International Airport (SKG) — Thessaloniki; Aktion National Airport (PVK) — Preveza.
Showing 10 of 15 major airports.
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28)
| Political system | parliamentary republic |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
POWER --/100 Ranked #-- of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Greece.
This profile covers the population, economy, natural resources, leaders, and history of Greece — with the Bureau’s live national-power score of --/100, ranking #-- of 195 countries.
What is Greece's power score?
Greece has a Magna Power score of --/100. The score measures structural power — the proven capacity to shape events — across nine components.